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Population
São Tomé and Príncipe is an island nation in the Gulf of Guinea with about 230,000 inhabitants (as of 2023). It is one of the smallest countries in Africa, both in terms of area and population.
Capital
The capital is São Tomé, the largest city and the economic, cultural, and political center, located on the northeastern coast of the main island.
Economic Power
The economy of São Tomé and Príncipe is based primarily on agriculture, particularly cocoa cultivation, the country’s main export. Other key industries include fishing and tourism, which is gradually increasing. The country has limited natural resources and is heavily reliant on international aid and investments. There are efforts to explore offshore oil reserves, which could potentially boost the economy.
Culture
São Tomé and Príncipe’s culture is a blend of African and Portuguese influences, shaped by its colonial history. Music and dances like Tchiloli and Ússua play a significant role in cultural life. The population is predominantly Catholic, with religious festivals and local traditions deeply rooted in society.
Currency
The official currency is the São Toméan Dobra (STN).
Health Insurance and Social Security System
São Tomé and Príncipe has a limited social security system. Healthcare is mostly state-provided but is often underfunded and difficult to access in rural areas. There is no comprehensive national health insurance, and access to healthcare often depends on the financial means of the individual.
Costs for Employers
Employers are required to contribute about 14% of gross salary to social security, which covers pensions, work accidents, and other social benefits.
Salaries and Bonuses
Salaries in São Tomé and Príncipe are low compared to many other countries due to the limited economic power of the nation. There is no legally mandated minimum wage, and salaries are often negotiated individually. Bonuses are not legally required but can be agreed upon.
Payroll
Payroll must account for deductions for social security contributions. Taxes and other deductions are generally minimal, as the tax system is simple.
Public Holidays
Public holidays include New Year’s Day (January 1), Independence Day (July 12), Armed Forces Day (September 6), Declaration of Independence Day (September 30), and Christmas (December 25).
Working Hours
The regular workweek is typically 40 hours, with legal provisions for breaks and compensation for overtime.
Vacation
Employees are entitled to at least 25 paid vacation days per year. Public holidays are in addition to this.
Incapacity for Work
Employees are entitled to sick pay, though the duration and amount depend on the employment contract or company policy. The state provides some support for long-term incapacity, though benefits are limited.
Termination/Severance Pay
Terminations must be justified and come with a notice period, which varies depending on the length of employment.