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Population
Djibouti has about 1 million inhabitants (as of 2024). The population is young and growing steadily, with most people living in the capital. The largest ethnic groups are the Somali and the Afar.
Capital
The capital of Djibouti is Djibouti City. It is the economic, political, and cultural center of the country and one of the most important ports in East Africa.
Economic Power
Djibouti’s economy is primarily based on services, particularly the port and logistics sector, which serve as significant commercial and military hubs. The GDP per capita is about USD 3,300 (as of 2023). Its strategic location on the Red Sea and Suez Canal route makes Djibouti a key point for international shipping and trade.
Culture
The culture of Djibouti is heavily influenced by Arab, African, and French elements. The society is predominantly Muslim, and traditional music, dance, and poetry play a central role in cultural life. Djiboutian cuisine combines influences from Arab, Somali, and French cuisines, with dishes like injera, fish, and various stews.
Currency
The official currency of Djibouti is the Djiboutian franc (DJF).
Health Insurance and Social Security System
Djibouti has a social security system that covers basic benefits such as pensions, work accidents, and health insurance. However, access to healthcare is limited, and the quality of state healthcare services is often inadequate, leading many residents to rely on private healthcare providers.
Costs for Employers
Employers in Djibouti are required to contribute about 157% of gross wages to social security. These contributions cover pensions and other social benefits. Additional costs may arise from voluntary employer benefits such as transportation or meal allowances.
Salaries and Bonuses
Salaries in Djibouti vary by industry, qualifications, and experience. There is no national minimum wage, but salaries are often based on collective agreements and individual negotiations. Bonuses are usually performance-based and not legally regulated.
Payroll
Payroll in Djibouti includes the basic salary, possible allowances, bonuses, and statutory deductions for taxes and social security contributions.
Public Holidays
Djibouti has several public holidays, including:
- New Year’s Day (January 1)
- Labor Day (May 1)
- Independence Day (June 27)
- Eid al-Fitr (end of Ramadan)
- Eid al-Adha (Feast of Sacrifice)
- Maulid an-Nabi (Prophet Muhammad’s birthday).
Working Hours
The regular working hours in Djibouti are 40 hours per week, spread over five working days. Most offices and businesses operate from Sunday to Thursday, with Friday and Saturday usually being days off.
Vacation
Employees in Djibouti are entitled to at least 26 days of paid annual leave. This entitlement may increase with length of service or through special contractual agreements.
Incapacity for Work
In the event of illness, employees are entitled to sick leave, with payment depending on individual contract conditions and legal provisions.
Termination/Severance Pay
Notice periods and severance pay regulations in Djibouti vary based on the length of service and contractual terms.