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Population
Mali has about 23 million inhabitants (as of 2024). The population is ethnically diverse, with the largest groups being the Bambara, Fulani, Dogon, and Tuareg. Mali has a very young population, and the majority lives in rural areas.
Capital
The capital of Mali is Bamako. It is the economic, political, and cultural center of the country, as well as the largest city.
Economic Power
Mali is one of the poorest countries in the world, with an economy heavily dependent on agriculture, gold mining, and cotton production. The GDP per capita is about USD 900 (as of 2023). The economy is affected by instability, armed conflicts, political uncertainty, and poor infrastructure.
Culture
Mali has a rich cultural tradition influenced by its various ethnic groups. Traditional Malian music, especially the Griot culture, is famous worldwide. Instruments like the Kora, Balafon, and Ngoni are typical of Mali’s music scene. The architecture of cities like Timbuktu and Djenné, known for their mudbrick buildings and mosques, reflects the country’s long history.
Currency
The official currency of Mali is the CFA franc (XOF), used by the West African Economic and Monetary Union (UEMOA).
Health Insurance and Social Security System
Mali has a limited social security system covering pensions, work accidents, and health insurance. Public healthcare is often inadequate, especially in rural areas. Many people rely on private healthcare, which is unaffordable for most citizens.
Costs for Employers
Employers in Mali must contribute about 18% of gross wages to social security, covering pensions, work accidents, and health insurance. Additional costs may arise from voluntary benefits such as transportation or meal allowances.
Salaries and Bonuses
Salaries in Mali are very low compared to international standards. The legal minimum wage is about 40,000 XOF per month (as of 2023). Bonuses are typically performance-based and more common in larger companies.
Payroll
Payroll in Mali includes the basic salary, possible allowances, bonuses, and statutory deductions for taxes and social security contributions.
Public Holidays
Mali has several public holidays, including:
- New Year’s Day (January 1)
- Labor Day (May 1)
- Independence Day (September 22)
- Christmas (December 25)
- Various religious holidays such as Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, and Maulid an-Nabi (Prophet Muhammad’s birthday).
Working Hours
Regular working hours in Mali are 40 hours per week, spread over five working days. Working hours can vary by industry, but most offices operate from Monday to Friday.
Vacation
Employees are entitled to at least 20 working days of paid annual leave. The entitlement may increase with length of service. Additional leave days are granted for special occasions such as weddings or family obligations.
Incapacity for Work
In the event of illness, employees are entitled to sick leave, covered by social security or the employer. The specific regulations depend on the employment contract and legal provisions.
Termination/Severance Pay
Notice periods and severance pay regulations in Mali vary depending on the length of service and contractual terms.