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Population:
North Macedonia has a population of about 2 million people. The majority of the population consists of ethnic Macedonians (around 64%), followed by Albanians (about 25%), and smaller minorities such as Roma, Serbs, and Turks.
Capital:
The capital of North Macedonia is Skopje, which is also the economic, cultural, and political center of the country. Skopje has around 500,000 inhabitants.
Economic Strength:
North Macedonia is an emerging economy with a GDP of approximately 15 billion USD (2023). The economy primarily relies on the service sector, industry (especially textiles, automotive suppliers, and food processing), and agriculture. Despite economic progress, the country still faces relatively high unemployment (around 15%). External relations with the EU and neighboring countries contribute to economic stability.
Culture:
North Macedonia has a diverse and rich culture influenced by Macedonian, Albanian, Ottoman, and Slavic elements. The official language is Macedonian, with Albanian also officially recognized. The majority of the population is Orthodox (Macedonian Orthodox Church), while the Albanian minority is predominantly Muslim. Traditional music, folklore, dances, and national festivals play an important role. Famous cultural events include the Ohrid Summer Festival and the Skopje Jazz Festival.
Currency:
The official currency of North Macedonia is the Macedonian Denar (MKD).
Health Insurance and Social Security System:
North Macedonia has a state health insurance system, funded by contributions from both employees and employers. All citizens have access to basic health services. The social security system also includes pensions, unemployment support, maternity benefits, and disability benefits. Employers and employees both contribute to the social security system.
Employer Costs:
Employer costs include social security contributions, which amount to about 28% of an employee’s gross salary. These contributions cover health insurance, pensions, and other social benefits. Additionally, employers pay income tax and other smaller levies.
Payroll:
In North Macedonia, payroll must clearly detail gross wages and deductions for social security, health insurance, and income tax (progressive, around 10%). Employers are required to regularly issue pay slips to their employees.
Public Holidays:
North Macedonia has 11 public holidays, including:
- New Year’s Day (January 1st)
- Easter holidays (variable)
- Labor Day (May 1st)
- Republic Day (August 2nd)
- Independence Day (September 8th)
- Victory Day (October 11th)
- Christmas (January 7th for Orthodox Christians)
There are also specific holidays for religious or ethnic groups that may vary by region.
Working Hours:
The standard working hours in North Macedonia are 40 hours per week, spread over five days (Monday to Friday). Overtime is regulated by law and must not exceed the weekly working hours unless special approval is obtained. Overtime must be compensated with a 35% premium.
Vacation:
Employees in North Macedonia are entitled to at least 20 working days of paid vacation per year, depending on the length of service. Additional vacation days are granted for special occasions such as weddings or the birth of a child.
Sick Leave:
In the event of illness, employees are entitled to sick pay, which is paid by the employer for the first 30 days, after which the social insurance takes over. Sick pay amounts to about 70% to 90% of the regular salary, depending on the type of illness and the duration of employment.
Termination/Severance Pay:
Notice periods in North Macedonia vary depending on the length of employment and type of contract. The minimum notice period is usually one month. Employees dismissed for economic reasons are entitled to severance pay, the amount of which depends on the length of service. There are also regulations in place to protect employees from being terminated during parental leave or while on sick leave.
Overall, North Macedonia offers a stable working environment with clear labor regulations, although the economy is still developing, which impacts wages and the overall quality of life.