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Population
Kenya has about 55 million inhabitants (as of 2024). The population is ethnically diverse, with over 40 ethnic groups, including the Kikuyu, Luo, Luhya, Kalenjin, and Maasai. The population is young, and urbanization is rapidly increasing, particularly in major cities like Nairobi and Mombasa.
Capital
The capital of Kenya is Nairobi, which is the economic, political, and cultural center of the country and one of the largest and most important cities in East Africa.
Economic Power
Kenya has one of the largest and most diversified economies in East Africa. Key sectors include agriculture (particularly tea, coffee, and flower exports), services, construction, tourism, and a growing technology and financial sector. The GDP per capita is about USD 2,200 (as of 2023). The economy is growing but faces challenges such as unemployment, income inequality, and corruption.
Culture
Kenya’s culture is shaped by its many ethnic groups, each preserving its own traditions, music, dances, and languages. Kenya is known for its vibrant music scene, which includes both traditional and modern styles. The traditional dance, Maasai culture, and Swahili heritage on the coast are particularly prominent. The cuisine is diverse, with dishes like Ugali, Nyama Choma, and Chapati being popular.
Currency
The official currency of Kenya is the Kenyan Shilling (KES).
Health Insurance and Social Security System
Kenya has a national health insurance system (NHIF) that aims to provide access to basic healthcare services. Private health insurance is also available and often provided by larger companies. The social security system includes pensions, disability, and unemployment insurance, though the coverage and quality of benefits vary.
Costs for Employers
Employers in Kenya must contribute about 5% of gross wages to social security, covering pensions and health insurance. Additional costs may arise from voluntary benefits such as transportation or meal allowances.
Salaries and Bonuses
Salaries in Kenya vary significantly depending on the industry, qualifications, and experience. The legal minimum wage varies by location and type of work, but it is about 15,120 KES per month in urban areas (as of 2023). Bonuses and allowances are common in many sectors and are often performance-based.
Payroll
Payroll in Kenya includes the basic salary, possible allowances, bonuses, and statutory deductions for taxes and social security contributions.
Public Holidays
Kenya has several public holidays, including:
- New Year’s Day (January 1)
- Labor Day (May 1)
- Madaraka Day (June 1)
- Mashujaa Day (October 20)
- Jamhuri Day (December 12)
- Christmas (December 25)
- Various religious holidays such as Good Friday, Easter, Eid al-Fitr, and Eid al-Adha.
Working Hours
Regular working hours in Kenya range from 40 to 48 hours per week, spread over five or six working days. Most offices operate from Monday to Friday, with Saturday also being a workday in some sectors.
Vacation
Employees are entitled to at least 21 days of paid annual leave. The entitlement may increase with length of service or through special agreements.
Incapacity for Work
In the event of illness, employees are entitled to sick leave, covered by social security or the employer. The specific regulations depend on the employment contract and legal provisions.
Termination/Severance Pay
Notice periods and severance pay regulations in Kenya vary depending on the length of service and contractual terms.