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Population
Sierra Leone has about 86 million inhabitants (as of 2023). The population is ethnically diverse, with over 16 different ethnic groups, including the Mende, Temne, Limba, and Krio, who are descendants of freed slaves.
Capital
The capital of Sierra Leone is Freetown, a port city on the west coast of the country. Freetown is the economic, cultural, and political center of the country and one of the largest cities in West Africa.
Economic Power
The economy of Sierra Leone is heavily dependent on agriculture, mining, and fishing. Key exports include diamonds, iron ore, bauxite, and fish products. Despite its wealth in natural resources, the country remains one of the poorest in the world due to the aftermath of a prolonged civil war (1991-2002), corruption, and weak infrastructure.
Culture
Sierra Leone has a rich and diverse culture influenced by its various ethnic groups. Music, dance, and traditional ceremonies play a central role. The Krio culture, influenced by West African and British elements, has a significant impact on the national identity. Local cuisine is characterized by rice dishes, fish, and spicy sauces.
Currency
The official currency of Sierra Leone is the Sierra Leonean Leone (SLL).
Health Insurance and Social Security System
Sierra Leone has a limited social security system. The public health system is underdeveloped and often underfunded. There is no comprehensive national health insurance, and access to healthcare is particularly limited in rural areas. Most workers rely on private healthcare services or sporadic government health initiatives.
Costs for Employers
Employers in Sierra Leone must contribute to social security (NASSIT), which amounts to about 15% of gross salary (10% from the employer and 5% from the employee).
Salaries and Bonuses
Salaries in Sierra Leone are low and vary greatly depending on occupation, qualifications, and industry. While there is a minimum wage, it is often insufficient to cover living costs. Bonuses are not legally required but may be provided as performance incentives.
Payroll
Payroll in Sierra Leone must account for deductions such as taxes and social security contributions. Salaries are typically paid monthly, and payroll must accurately reflect the legal deductions.
Public Holidays
Public holidays in Sierra Leone include New Year’s Day (January 1), Independence Day (April 27), Labor Day (May 1), Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, Christmas (December 25), and Boxing Day (December 26). Religious holidays vary according to the lunar calendar.
Working Hours
The regular working hours in Sierra Leone range from 40 to 48 hours per week, depending on the industry. Overtime is legally regulated and must be compensated.
Vacation
Employees are entitled to at least 15 paid vacation days per year. The exact number of days may vary according to collective agreements or individual contracts. Public holidays are in addition to the paid vacation.
Incapacity for Work
Employees are entitled to sick pay if it is stipulated in their employment contract or company policy. However, benefits are often limited and depend on company policies.
Termination/Severance Pay
Terminations in Sierra Leone must comply with labor law, which requires notice periods that vary based on the length of service.