HRsolution » COUNTRIES » Togo

Population

Togo has approximately 8.8 million inhabitants (as of 2023). The population is ethnically diverse, with over 40 different ethnic groups, including the Ewe, Kabiyé, and Mina. The population is young, and most people live in rural areas.

Capital

The capital of Togo is Lomé, a coastal city on the Gulf of Guinea. Lomé is the economic, cultural, and political center of the country and one of the most important ports in West Africa.

Economic Power

Togo has an open market-oriented economy that relies heavily on agriculture, trade, and phosphate mining. Key exports include phosphates, cotton, and coffee. Economic development is hampered by corruption, poor infrastructure, and political instability. Despite these challenges, Togo is making efforts to reform its economy and invest in the expansion of its port and logistics sector.

Culture

Togo has a rich and diverse culture shaped by its many ethnic groups. Traditional music, dances, and crafts play a central role in daily life. The Voodoo religion is widely practiced and influences many cultural practices. French is the official language, but numerous local languages such as Ewe and Kabiyé are also spoken. Togo’s cuisine includes dishes like Fufu, Akpan, and various stews.

Currency

The official currency of Togo is the CFA franc (XOF), used in many West African countries and pegged to the Euro.

Health Insurance and Social Security System

Togo has a limited public healthcare system, which is often underfunded and operates with limited resources. There is no comprehensive national health insurance, and many people must pay for their healthcare out of pocket. Private health insurance is available, particularly for employees in larger companies. The social security system is managed by the Caisse Nationale de Sécurité Sociale (CNSS), which provides pensions, work accident insurance, and maternity benefits.

Costs for Employers

Employers in Togo are required to contribute to social security, with contributions amounting to about 20% of gross salary (16.4% from the employer and 3.6% from the employee).

Salaries and Bonuses

Salaries in Togo vary significantly depending on occupation and industry. The minimum wage is relatively low and often insufficient to cover living costs. Bonuses are not legally required but are commonly offered as performance incentives.

Payroll

Payroll in Togo must account for statutory deductions for taxes and social security contributions. Employers are responsible for the correct calculation and submission of these contributions.

Public Holidays

Public holidays in Togo include New Year’s Day (January 1), Independence Day (April 27), Labor Day (May 1), All Saints’ Day (November 1), Christmas (December 25), and other national and religious holidays. Religious holidays like Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha are celebrated based on the lunar calendar.

Working Hours

The regular working hours in Togo are 40 to 44 hours per week, depending on the industry. Overtime must be compensated, and work hours are regulated by law.

Vacation

Employees are entitled to at least 20 paid vacation days per year, depending on the length of service. Vacation days may increase based on seniority or collective agreements. Paid public holidays are also observed.

Incapacity for Work

In the event of illness, employees must provide a medical certificate. Sick pay is usually covered by social security, although benefits are often limited. Employers may be required to continue paying wages for a certain period.

Termination/Severance Pay

Togo’s labor law requires that terminations be justified, with notice periods that vary based on the length of service. Severance pay is required in some cases, particularly for wrongful dismissal. The amount of severance pay depends on the length of service and the specific circumstances of the termination

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