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Population
Mauritania has about 48 million inhabitants (as of 2024). The population is ethnically diverse, consisting mainly of Arabs (Moors), Berbers, and black African groups such as the Wolof, Soninke, and Halpulaaren. The majority of the population lives in urban areas and along the Senegal River in the south.
Capital
The capital of Mauritania is Nouakchott. It is the economic, political, and cultural center of the country and one of the largest cities in the Sahara region.
Economic Power
Mauritania’s economy is primarily based on natural resources like iron, gold, and copper, as well as fishing. The GDP per capita is about USD 1,500 (as of 2023). Agriculture and livestock farming are also significant economic activities. The country faces high unemployment and is heavily dependent on international aid, while corruption and poor infrastructure hinder economic growth.
Culture
Mauritania’s culture is strongly influenced by Islamic, Arab, and African traditions. The society is traditional, shaped by the nomadic lifestyle and the desert. Music, poetry, and traditional clothing like the “Daraa” (a loose robe) and “Melfa” (women’s garment) are important cultural expressions. Islamic heritage plays a central role in daily life.
Currency
The official currency of Mauritania is the Mauritanian Ouguiya (MRU).
Health Insurance and Social Security System
Mauritania has a limited social security system that covers pensions, work accidents, and health insurance. Healthcare is mostly publicly organized but often inadequate, particularly in rural areas. Private healthcare services exist but are difficult to access for most people.
Costs for Employers
Employers in Mauritania must contribute about 15% of gross wages to social security, covering pensions, work accidents, and health insurance. Additional costs may arise from voluntary benefits like transportation or meal allowances.
Salaries and Bonuses
Salaries in Mauritania are very low compared to international standards. The legal minimum wage is about 3,000 MRU per month (as of 2023). Bonuses and other additional payments are usually performance-based and more common in larger companies.
Payroll
Payroll in Mauritania includes the basic salary, possible allowances, bonuses, and statutory deductions for taxes and social security contributions.
Public Holidays
Mauritania has several public holidays, including:
- New Year’s Day (January 1)
- Independence Day (November 28)
- Labor Day (May 1)
- Various religious holidays such as Eid al-Fitr, Eid al-Adha, and Maulid an-Nabi (Prophet Muhammad’s birthday).
Working Hours
Regular working hours in Mauritania are 40 hours per week, spread over five or six working days. Most sectors operate from Sunday to Thursday, with Friday being a rest day.
Vacation
Employees are entitled to at least 20 working days of paid annual leave. The entitlement may increase with length of service or through contractual agreements.
Incapacity for Work
In the event of illness, employees are entitled to sick leave, which is covered by social security or the employer. The exact duration and compensation depend on the employment contract and legal provisions.
Termination/Severance Pay
Notice periods and severance pay regulations in Mauritania vary depending on the length of service and contractual terms.