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Population
Lesotho has about 23 million inhabitants (as of 2024). The population is predominantly of the Basotho ethnic group, and about 80% of the people live in rural areas.
Capital
The capital of Lesotho is Maseru. It is the economic, political, and cultural center of the country and is located on the border with South Africa.
Economic Power
Lesotho has a small but diverse economy that is closely linked with South Africa. Key sectors include textile production, agriculture, and water exports to South Africa. The GDP per capita is about USD 1,200 (as of 2023). The country is highly dependent on remittances from Basotho working abroad, especially in South Africa. Unemployment, poverty, and HIV/AIDS are major challenges for the economy.
Culture
Lesotho’s culture is strongly influenced by the Basotho ethnic group, with traditional music and dances playing an important role in festivals and ceremonies. The traditional clothing of the Basotho includes blankets (Basotho blankets) and hats (Mokorotlo). Storytelling, pottery, and weaving are also significant cultural expressions.
Currency
The official currency of Lesotho is the Lesotho Loti (LSL), which is pegged 1:1 to the South African Rand (ZAR), which is also accepted as legal tender.
Health Insurance and Social Security System
Lesotho has a limited social security system that mainly covers work accidents and pensions. Healthcare is mostly publicly organized but often inadequate. There is no universal health insurance, and many people rely on private healthcare services, which are often expensive.
Costs for Employers
Employers in Lesotho must contribute about 9% of gross wages to social security, covering pensions and work accident insurance. Additional costs may arise from voluntary benefits such as transportation or meal allowances.
Salaries and Bonuses
Salaries in Lesotho vary by industry, qualifications, and experience. The legal minimum wage varies by sector but is about 2,000 LSL per month (as of 2023). Bonuses are usually performance-based and contractually regulated.
Payroll
Payroll in Lesotho includes the basic salary, possible allowances, bonuses, and statutory deductions for taxes and social security contributions.
Public Holidays
Lesotho has several public holidays, including:
- New Year’s Day (January 1)
- Labor Day (May 1)
- Independence Day (October 4)
- Christmas (December 25)
- Boxing Day (December 26)
- Various religious holidays such as Good Friday, Easter Monday, and Ascension Day.
Working Hours
Regular working hours in Lesotho are 45 hours per week, spread over five or six working days. Most offices operate from Monday to Friday, with Saturday often being a half or full day off.
Vacation
Employees are entitled to at least 12 days of paid annual leave, which may increase with length of service. Additional leave days are granted for special occasions such as weddings or family obligations.
Incapacity for Work
In the event of illness, employees are entitled to sick leave, covered by social security or the employer. The exact regulations depend on the employment contract and legal provisions.
Termination/Severance Pay
Notice periods and severance pay regulations in Lesotho vary depending on the length of service and contractual terms.